PTE阅读是我们面临的一大难点,为什么这么说,因为比如其他科目来说,PTE阅读的题型很复杂且类型丰富,包括:细节题、态度题、填空题、词汇题等。所以掌握正确的阅读方法很重要,下面跟着小编一起来学习一下吧!
阅读素材分析
All three firms differ from their Western peers in important ways. First, Western companies usually prefer to focus on a few core areas, whereas Chinese internet firms typically try to do everything from cloud computing to digital payments. When this works, as with Tencent’s wildly successful app, WeChat, the results can be impressive.
这三家公司与西方同行在几个重要方面有所不同。首先,西方公司通常会聚焦几个核心领域,而中国互联网公司一般涉猎广泛,从云计算到数字支付无不尝试。这样的尝试一旦成功,结果便会非常可观,腾讯大获成功的应用微信即是如此。
Second, with the exception of political censorship, the internet sector in China is lightly regulated. Facebook, Apple and Google, in contrast, face increasing scrutiny. Chinese internet firms can achieve market domination of a sort that would attract close attention in other markets.
第二,抛开要接受政治审查这一点,中国互联网行业的监管较为宽松;而Facebook、苹果和谷歌则面临日益严格的审视。以中国互联网企业能达到的市场支配地位,换在其他市场,会受到监管机构的密切关注。
长难句解析
When this works, // as with Tencent’s wildly successful app, / WeChat, // the results can be impressive.
提取主干:The results can be impressive.(主系表结构)
其他成分:
When this works是时间状语从句。
WeChat是Tencent’s wildly successful app的同位语。
疑难解析:as with的用法
as with虽然经常出现在正式文体中,但具体用法尚待确认。参阅部分资料后,我们给出如下解释供参考:
as with可理解为由as构成的复合介词(即as和with都是介词)。在日常使用时,意思为“正如……的情况一样”,可看作是as is the same with的省略式,with后面常跟名词、动名词或what从句。
但用于GMAT语法中,需要有其他结构与之平行:With diamonds, as with all gems, you should ask for a written description of your purchase; the description may prove useful later if you have reason to believe the jeweler misled you.
另外,单纯的as with the case + prep. (of/with/in) + sth. 结构是错误的,应该用as is the case + prep. (of/with/in) + sth.
参考资料:
GMAT语法之Just as引导的比较结构:http://gmat.koolearn.com/20140906/788302.html
顾祖良. 介绍as with的用法[J]. 科技英语学习,1994,(04):17.
The Free Dictionary Language Forums:http://forum.thefreedictionary.com/postst31724_as-with.aspx
Chinese internet firms can achieve market domination // of a sort / that would attract close attention / in other markets.
提取主干:Chinese internet firms can achieve market domination.(主谓宾结构)
其他成分:
of a sort作方式状语。
that引导的定语从句修饰,that在从句中作主语。
in other markets作条件状语。
疑难解析:
将in other markets理解为条件状语,是因为在定语从句中使用了虚拟语气would。
原句可还原为:If the sort were in other markets, it would attract close attention.
另外,在翻译中,domination处增译了“地位”的概念;对attention的主体来源也补充上了“监管机构”
词汇讲解
这里集中讲一下和“公司”有关的表达:business, company, corporation, firm, dot-com, subsidiary, affiliate, associated company
business可以指宽泛的指各种商业活动,也可以宽泛指从事商业活动的商业机构、公司、商号、小商店等。
company指“公司”或“商行”的时候含义比较宽泛,通常是指商业或专业的组织。此词汇并没有严格的法律解释。
corporation指“法人团体”,它的含义较company要窄,法团可指毋须注册的联营关系或合股公司。corporation通常指大公司 (a big company),相关的conglomerate“企业集团”和multinational “跨国公司”同样指大公司。
firm指“商号”,规模可大可小,经营、管理的人员可多可少。不过它通常指小公司 (a business or company, especially a small one)。
dot-com指“网络公司” (from the use of .com in the URLs of such companies)。
subsidiary指“子公司”或“附属公司”,即指百分之五十以上有表决权的股票受母公司控制的公司 (A company of which more than 50 percent of its voting stock is owned by the parent company.)。
affiliate指“关联公司”。如果一家公司持有另一家公司的股权,但不足以有效控制该公司,或两家公司同受另一家公司的控制,这两家公司即互为关联公司。(Two companies are affiliated when one owns less than a majority of the voting stock of the other or if both are subsidiaries of a third company.)
associated company指“联营公司”、“相联公司”或“有联系公司”。指由两个或以上公司共同掌控的公司。根据公认的会计准则,若A公司对B公司的经营管理有重大影响,但未达到有效控制的程度,B公司即是A公司的联营公司。对联营公司的持股通常在20%~50%之间 (a company of which 20 to 50 per cent of the shares are owned by another company)。
公司名称中使用的缩写 (abbreviations used in company names)
Ltd (=Limited)
Co. (=Company)
Corp. (=Corporation)
PLC (=Public Limited Company) (BrE)
Pty. (=Proprietary) (used in Australia and South Africa)
differ文中指“不同”或“相异”。它还有一个比较冷门的含义指“不同意”或“持异议” (disagree)
I’m sorry to differ with you on that. 对不起, 在那一点上我与你看法不同.
We differ on many things. 我们在很多事情上意见都不一致.
当differ表达“不同意”或“持异议”的时候,有同义词汇disagree和object
differ和disagree同义且可以互换使用,前者是后者的委婉说法。(disagree with sb * disagree about/on/over sth * differ with/from sb * differ about/on/over sth)
object相较而言语气比较强烈。(object to (doing) sth)
peer文中指“同辈或同等的人” (与他人在如爵位、阶级或年龄上相当的人),该词汇还可以作为gaze的近义词指“凝视或眯眼看”(尤指因看不清而专心地、探求地或较为费劲地看)
peer shortsightedly 因近视而仔细看
peer at sb over one’s spectacles 戴着眼镜认真打量某人
peer into the mist 向雾中张望
sector本义指数学术语中的“扇形”,但更常见的用法是引申指活动领域的部门,尤指经济领域 (a part of an area of activity, especially of business, trade etc)。
the manufacturing sector, ie all the manufacturing industries of a country 制造业
the service sector, eg hotels, restaurants, etc 服务性行业.
public/private sector (=business controlled by the government or by private companies) 国营部门/私营部门
regulate除了可以表达“调节”,它还可以像文中一样表示“(以规章制度)控制或管理(某事物)”。
regulate a clock, radiator, etc 校准时钟、调节散热器
regulate the traffic 管理交通
The activities of credit companies are regulated by law. 信贷公司的业务受法律制约
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