PTE写作考察了学生的词汇积累和语法学习,在平时的练习中多多学习常用句式也是很重要的,所以考生在PTE备考中需要多掌握一些写作技巧,下面小编就带着大家了解一下让步状语从句,希望能够帮助大家提升写作成绩。
让步状语从句
顾名思义,让步状语从句一般译为“尽管……”或“即使……”,以表让步的含义。引导让步状语从句的连词很多,常见的有though,although,while,as,even if,even though,whether… or…等等。下面我们来看一些让步状语从句的表达方式。
1. as/ though
由as,that,though引导的特殊的让步从句结构,主要用于正式问题或文学问题中,为了强调让步的意义。
e.g. Tired though/ as he was, the headmaster went out again to look for the lost child.
2. while
while引导让步状语从句,意义相当于although,但值得注意的是:while引导的让步状语从句只能前置,位于句首,while位于主句之后,其含义就会变成“(两者相比较时)但是”。
e.g. While I understand what you say, I can’t agree with you.
虽然我能理解你所说的,但我不能表示赞同。[让步]
e.g. Most digital camera owners are male, while women prefer film.
大部分数码相机的主人都是男性,而女性偏爱用胶卷。[但是]
3. if
if有时也带让步含义,这时要注意“条件if”和“让步if”的区别。
e.g. If he is poor, he is at least honest.
即使他穷,他至少还诚实。[让步if]
e.g. If he is poor, how can he buy the big house?
如果他很穷,怎么能够买大房子?[条件if]
4. 表示让步概念的无动词从句
e.g. A timid young man, Tom nevertheless dived into the river and rescued the drowning child.
Tom虽然是个胆小的年轻人,但他跳入河中救起了溺水儿童。
例题:
___ all the world were against us, we should still stick to our opinion.
A. Though
B. Although
C. As
答案:A
参考语法点:当让步状语从句指某种假设情况时,通常用“though”,而不用“although”。
e.g. Though all the world were against us, we should still stick to our opinion.
即使全世界都反对,我们也要坚持自己的观点。
引申:
although和though两者大致同义,一般情况下可以互换使用,但它们也有一些区别:
although比though更正式,语气也更重;
though可与as、even连用(as though,even though),although却不能;though可用作副词,放在句末,意在转折(如:It’s hard work; I enjoy it though.),although一般不这样用;though引导的让步状语从句可用部分倒装的形式(如:Poor though I am, I can afford it.), although一般不这样用。
三个词组辨析
接下来我们重点分析三个词组:“as soon as”,“scarcely (hardly)… when… ”,以及“no sooner… than… ”,这三者含义相同,都表示“一/刚……就”,不过各自用法也有些许差异。
1. as soon as
最为常用,在句中的位置比较随意,置于主句前后均可,不用倒装,而且也可用于各种时态。
e.g. As soon as I went in, Katherine cried out with pleasure.
e.g. I’ll return the book as soon as I have read it.
e.g. I’ll tell him the news as soon as I see him.
2. scarcely (hardly)… when
hardly虽然含有很强烈的否定含义,但在这个词组里还是理解成“差点来不及(也还是来得及)”比较妥当。使用这个结构时,主句中的动词一般用过去完成时;若把hardly放于句首,主句要倒装。
e.g. He had hardly finished the article when the light went out.
他刚写完文,灯就熄了。
e.g. Hardly had he entered the classroom when it began to rain.
他一进教室,天就开始下雨了。
3. no sooner… than
在网上找相关资料时看到一些地方说这个词组表示“刚……就……”时主句须用倒装形式,但在语法书上我也找到了没有倒装的例子,所以小编更倾向于认为它的用法同上述“scarcely (hardly)…when”相同。
e.g. No sooner had he arrived than he went away again.(倒装)他刚到就又走了。
e.g. He had no sooner arrived home than he was asked to start on another journey.(不倒装)他刚到家就又被叫出去出差了。
以上就是关于PTE写作让步状语从句的知识点,希望考生们重视起来,除此之外,大家也要重视真题的训练,打好备考技巧的基础。如果想要获取更多PTE考试如何报名、PTE考试顺序等更多信息,大家可以线上咨询我们或继续关注网站更新的文章!